Ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea bokhoni ba ho hloekisa lefats'e ka bophara, maemo a thata a lihlahisoa tsa oli, le keketseho e tsoelang pele ea tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tse tala tsa lik'hemik'hale, tšebeliso ea li-catalyst tsa ho hloekisa e bile mokhoeng oa kholo o tsitsitseng. Har'a tsona, kholo e potlakileng ka ho fetisisa ke moruong o mocha le linaheng tse tsoelang pele.
Ka lebaka la thepa e fapaneng e tala, lihlahisoa le dibopeho tsa disebediswa tsa feme ka nngwe ya ho hlwekisa, bakeng sa tshebediso ya di-catalyst tse shebaneng haholo le ho fumana sehlahiswa se loketseng kapa disebediswa tse tala tsa dikhemikhale, kgetho ya di-catalyst tse nang le ho ikamahanya le maemo kapa kgetho e betere e ka rarolla mathata a bohlokwa a difeme tse fapaneng tsa ho hlwekisa le disebediswa tse fapaneng.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, Asia Pacific, Afrika le Bochabela bo Hare, tekanyo ea tšebeliso le sekhahla sa kholo ea lik'hathalethara tsohle, ho kenyeletsoa le ho hloekisa, ho etsa polymerization, tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale, jj. li phahame ho feta tsa libaka tse tsoetseng pele Europe le United States.
Nakong e tlang, katoloso ea hydrogenation ea peterole e tla ba kholo ka ho fetisisa, e lateloe ke hydrogenation ea distillate e mahareng, FCC, isomerization, hydrocracking, hydrogenation ea naphtha, hydrogenation ea oli e boima (oli e setseng), alkylation (superposition), reforming, jj., 'me tlhoko ea catalyst e tsamaellanang le eona e tla eketseha ka ho latellana.
Leha ho le jwalo, ka lebaka la diphetoho tse fapaneng tsa tshebediso ya di-catalyst tse fapaneng tsa ho hlwekisa oli, palo ya di-catalyst tse hlwekisang oli e ke ke ya eketseha ka katoloso ya bokgoni. Ho ya ka dipalopalo tsa thekiso ya mmaraka, thekiso e ngata ke di-catalyst tsa hydrogenation (ho metsa metsi le ho qhaqha metsi, tse etsang 46% ya kakaretso), e latelwa ke di-catalyst tsa FCC (40%), e latelwa ke di-catalyst tse ntlafatsang (8%), di-catalyst tsa alkylation (5%) le tse ding (1%).
Tsena ke litšobotsi tsa mantlha tsa li-catalyst tse tsoang lik'hamphaning tse 'maloa tse tummeng machabeng:
1. Li-axen
Axens e thehiloe ka la 30 Phuptjane 2001, ka ho kopanngoa ha lefapha la phetisetso ea theknoloji la Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP) le Procatalyse Catalysts and Additives.
Axens ke mokhatlo o ikemetseng o sebelisang boiphihlelo ba lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ba lilemo tse ka bang 70 le liphetho tsa indasteri tsa Setsi sa Fora sa Lipatlisiso tsa Petroleum ho etsa laesense ea ts'ebetso, moralo oa lifeme le lits'ebeletso tse amanang le tsona, ho fana ka lihlahisoa (li-catalyst le li-adsorbents) bakeng sa ho hloekisa, lik'hemik'hale tsa peterole le tlhahiso ea khase.
Li-catalyst le li-adsorbents tsa Axens li rekisoa haholo-holo Amerika Leboea le Europe.
Khamphani e na le mefuta e felletseng ea li-catalyst, Tsena li kenyelletsa li-catalyst tse sireletsang, lisebelisoa tsa maemo, li-catalyst tse hloekisang metsi tse silang, li-catalyst tse setseng tsa hydrotreating, li-catalyst tse hloekisang metsi, li-catalyst tse tsosolosang sebabole (Claus), li-catalyst tsa kalafo ea khase ea mohatla, li-catalyst tse hloekisang hydrogenation (hydrogenation, li-catalyst tsa ts'ebetso ea Prime-G+ le li-catalyst tse khethiloeng tsa hydrogenation), li-catalyst tse nchafatsang le tse khethollang isomerization (li-catalyst tse ntlafatsang, li-catalyst tse ntlafatsang)), li-biofuel le li-catalyst tse ling tse khethehileng le li-catalyst tsa Fischer-Tropsch, li-catalyst tse hloekisang tsa olefin dimerization, le tsona li fana ka li-adsorbents, kakaretso ea mefuta e fetang 150.
2. LyondellBasell
Ntlo-kholo ea Lyondellbasell e Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Basel, e thehiloeng ka Tshitwe 2007, ke mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng oa polyolefin. Basell e rekile LyondellChemicals ka $12.7 bilione ho theha LyondellBasell Industries e ncha. Khamphani e hlophisitsoe ka likarolo tse 'ne tsa khoebo: Khoebo ea Mafura, Khoebo ea Lik'hemik'hale, Khoebo ea Polymer, Theknoloji le Khoebo ea Lipatlisiso le Nts'etsopele; E na le lifeme tse fetang 60 linaheng tse 19, 'me lihlahisoa tsa eona li rekisetsoa linaha tse fetang 100 lefatšeng ka bophara, ka basebetsi ba 15,000. Ha e thehoa, e ile ea e-ba k'hamphani ea boraro e ikemetseng ea lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng ka bophara.
Ka ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho olefin, polyolefin le di-derivative tse amanang le yona, ho fumanwa ha Lyander Chemicals ho atolosa kgatello ya khamphani e theohelang ka hara dikhemikhale tsa petrochemicals, ho matlafatsa boemo ba yona ba boetapele ho polyolefin, le ho matlafatsa boemo ba yona ho propylene oxide (PO), dihlahiswa tse hokahantsweng le PO styrene monomer le methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), hammoho le dihlahisweng tsa acetyl. Le di-derivative tsa PO tse kang butanediol le propylene glycol ethers di etella pele;
Lyondellbasell Industries ke e 'ngoe ea lik'hamphani tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa polymer, petrochemical le mafura lefatšeng. Ke moetapele oa lefats'e ka bophara theknolojing ea polyolefin, tlhahiso le 'maraka; Ke pula-maliboho oa propylene oxide le lihlahisoa tsa eona. Ke mohlahisi ea bohlokoa oa oli ea mafura le lihlahisoa tsa eona tse hloekisitsoeng, ho kenyeletsoa le biofuel;
Lyondellbasell e maemong a pele lefatšeng ka bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya polypropylene le tlhahiso ya di-catalyst tsa polypropylene. Bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya propylene oxide bo maemong a bobedi lefatsheng. Bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya polyethylene bo maemong a boraro lefatsheng; E maemong a bone lefatsheng ka bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya propylene le ethylene; Bokgoni ba pele ba tlhahiso ya styrene monomer le MTBE lefatsheng; Bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya TDI bo etsa 14% ya lefatshe, bo maemong a boraro lefatsheng; Bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya ethylene ba ditone tse dimilione tse 6.51 ka selemo, mohlahisi wa bobedi ka boholo Amerika Leboya; Ho phaella moo, LyondellBasell ke mohlahisi wa bobedi wa HDPE le LDPE Amerika Leboya.
Lyander Basell Industries e na le difeme tse nne tsa di-catalyst, tse pedi Jeremane (Ludwig le Frankfurt), e nngwe Italy (Ferrara) le e nngwe United States (Edison, New Jersey). Khamphani ke mofani ya ka sehloohong lefatsheng wa di-catalyst tsa PP, mme di-catalyst tsa yona tsa PP di etsa 1/3 ya karolo ya mmaraka wa lefatshe; di-catalyst tsa PE di etsa 10% ya karolo ya mmaraka wa lefatshe.
3. Johnson Matthey
Johnson Matthey e thehiloe ka 1817 mme ntlo-kholo ea eona e London, Engelane. Johnson Matthey ke moetapele oa lefats'e theknolojing e tsoetseng pele ea thepa e nang le litsi tse tharo tsa khoebo: Theknoloji ea Tikoloho, Lihlahisoa tsa Litšepe tsa Bohlokoa le Lik'hemik'hale tse Ntle le Li-Catalyst.
Mesebetsi e meholo ea Sehlopha e kenyelletsa tlhahiso ea li-catalyst tsa likoloi, tlhahiso ea li-catalyst tsa enjene ea diesel tse boima le litsamaiso tsa tsona tsa taolo ea tšilafalo, li-catalyst tsa sele ea mafura le lisebelisoa tsa tsona, li-catalyst tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le mahlale a tsona, tlhahiso le thekiso ea lik'hemik'hale tse ntle le likarolo tse sebetsang tsa meriana, ho hloekisa oli, ts'ebetso ea tšepe ea bohlokoa, le tlhahiso ea mebala le lipente bakeng sa liindasteri tsa khalase le tsa letsopa.
Indastering ea ho hloekisa le ea lik'hemik'hale, Johnson Matthey o hlahisa haholo-holo sehokelo sa motsoako oa methanol, sehokelo sa ammonia sa maiketsetso, sehokelo sa tlhahiso ea haedrojene, sehokelo sa hydrogenation, sehokelo sa tlhoekiso ea thepa e tala, sehokelo sa pele ho phetoho, sehokelo sa phetoho ea mouoane, sehokelo sa phetoho ea mocheso o phahameng, sehokelo sa phetoho ea mocheso o tlase, sehokelo sa methanation, sehokelo sa deVOC, sehokelo sa deodorizing, jj. Li ile tsa rehoa ka mabitso a kang KATALCO, PURASPEC, HYTREAT, PURAVOC, Sponge MetalTM, HYDECAT, SMOPEX, ODORGARD, ACCENT le mefuta e meng.
Mefuta ea li-catalyst tsa methanol ke: catalyst ea tlhoekiso, catalyst ea pele ho phetoho, catalyst ea phetoho ea mouoane, catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso oa khase, catalyst ea phetoho ea mekhahlelo e 'meli le catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso o ikemetseng, catalyst ea phetoho e hanelang sebabole, catalyst ea tlhahiso ea methanol.
Mefuta ea li-catalyst tsa ammonia tse entsoeng ka maiketsetso ke: catalyst ea tlhoekiso, catalyst ea pele ho phetoho, catalyst ea phetoho ea mohato oa pele, catalyst ea phetoho ea mohato oa bobeli, catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso o phahameng, catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso o tlase, catalyst ea methanation, catalyst ea synthesis ea ammonia.
Mefuta ea li-catalyst tsa tlhahiso ea haeterojene ke: catalyst ea tlhoekiso, catalyst ea pele ho phetoho, catalyst ea phetoho ea mouoane, catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso o phahameng, catalyst ea phetoho ea mocheso o tlase, catalyst ea methanation.
Li-catalyst tsa mofuta oa PURASPEC li kenyelletsa: catalyst ea desulfurization, catalyst ea ho tlosa mercury, catalyst ea deCOS, catalyst e hloekileng haholo, catalyst ea hydrodesulfurization.
4. Haldor Topsoe, Denmark
Helder Topso e thehiloe ka 1940 ke Ngaka Hardetopso mme kajeno e hirile batho ba ka bang 1,700. Ntlo-kholo ea eona, laboratori ea lipatlisiso e bohareng le setsi sa boenjiniere li haufi le Copenhagen, Denmark;
Khamphani e ikemiselitse ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mahlale, nts'etsopele le thekiso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea li-catalyst, 'me e kenyelletsa phetisetso ea theknoloji e nang le patente, le boenjiniere le kaho ea litora tsa catalytic;
Topsoe haholo-holo e hlahisa motsoako oa ammonia oa maiketsetso, motsoako oa tlhoekiso ea thepa e tala, motsoako oa likoloi, motsoako oa phetoho ea CO, motsoako oa ho chesa, motsoako oa dimethyl ether (DME), motsoako oa denitrification (DeNOx), motsoako oa methanation, motsoako oa methanol, motsoako oa ho hloekisa oli, motsoako oa ho fetola mouoane, motsoako oa sulfuric acid, motsoako oa wet sulfuric acid (WSA).
Li-catalyst tsa Topsoe tsa ho hloekisa oli li kenyelletsa haholo-holo catalyst e hloekisang ka metsi, catalyst ea hydrocracking le catalyst ea taolo ea khatello ea khatello. Har'a tsona, li-catalyst tse hloekisang ka metsi li ka aroloa ka naphtha hydrotreating, hydrotreating ea ho hloekisa oli, hydrotreating ea diesel ea low sulfur le ultra-low sulfur le li-catalyst tsa FCC tsa pele ho kalafo ho latela ts'ebeliso ea li-catalyst tsa ho hloekisa oli tsa k'hamphani li na le mefuta e 44;
Topsoe e na le lifeme tse peli tsa tlhahiso ea lik'hathari Denmark le United States tse nang le mela e 24 ea tlhahiso.
5. Sehlopha sa INOES
Ineos Group, e thehiloeng ka 1998, ke khamphani ea bone e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng le mohlahisi oa lefats'e oa lik'hemik'hale tsa peterole, lik'hemik'hale tse ikhethang le lihlahisoa tsa peterole, e nang le ntlo-kholo e Southampton, UK.
Ineos Group e qalile ho hola mafelong a bo-1990 ka ho fumana thepa e seng ea bohlokoa ea lik'hamphani tse ling, kahoo ea kena maemong a baetapele ba lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng.
Sebaka sa khoebo sa Ineos Group se kenyeletsa lihlahisoa tsa peterole, lik'hemik'hale tse ikhethang le lihlahisoa tsa peterole, tseo har'a tsona ABS, HFC, phenol, acetone, melamine, acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, polystyrene le lihlahisoa tse ling li maemong a holimo 'marakeng oa lefats'e. PVC, lihlahisoa tsa vulcanization, VAM, li-composites tsa PVC, linear alpha olefin, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde le lihlahisoa tsa eona, ethylene, polyethylene, peterole, diesel, jet fuel, oli ea mafura a sechaba le lihlahisoa tse ling li maemong a holimo 'marakeng oa Europe.
Ka 2005 Ineos e ile ea reka Innovene ho BP mme ea kena tlhahisong le papatsong ea li-catalyst. Khoebo ea li-catalyst ea k'hamphani ke ea Ineos Technologies, e fanang haholo-holo ka li-catalyst tsa polyolefin, li-catalyst tsa acrylonitrile, li-catalyst tsa maleic anhydride, li-catalyst tsa vinyl le litharollo tsa tsona tsa botekgeniki.
Li-catalyst tsa polyolefin li 'nile tsa hlahisoa ka lilemo tse fetang 30, li fana ka li-catalyst, lits'ebeletso tsa tekheniki le tšehetso bakeng sa lithane tse fetang limilione tse 7.7 tsa Innovene™ PE le lithane tse limilione tse 3.3 tsa lifeme tsa Innovene™ PP.
6. Lik'hemik'hale tsa Mitsui
E thehiloe ka 1997, Mitsui Chemical ke khamphani ea bobeli e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lik'hemik'hale tse kopaneng Japane kamora Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, le e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba etellang pele lefatšeng ba lihlahisoa tsa phenol, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene le polypropylene, e nang le ntlo-kholo e Tokyo, Japane.
Mitsui Chemical ke moetsi oa lik'hemik'hale, thepa e ikhethang le lihlahisoa tse amanang le eona. Hona joale e arotsoe ka likarolo tse tharo tsa khoebo: Lisebelisoa tse Sebetsang, Lik'hemik'hale tse Tsoetseng Pele, le Lik'hemik'hale tsa Motheo. Khoebo ea eona ea li-catalyst ke karolo ea Ntlo-kholo ea Khoebo ea Lik'hemik'hale tse Tsoetseng Pele; Li-catalyst li kenyelletsa catalyst ea olefin polymerization, catalyst ea limolek'hule, catalyst e sa tšoaneng, catalyst ea alkyl anthraquinone le tse ling.
7, Khamphani ea JGC C&C Day swing catalyst Formation Company
Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, e tsejoang hape e le Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, e thehiloe ka la 1 Phupu 2008, ka ho kopanya khoebo le mehloli ea makala a mabeli a ikemetseng a Japane Nichiwa Corporation (JGC CORP, khutsufatso ea Sechaena bakeng sa NIChiwa), Japan Catalyst Chemical Corporation (CCIC) le Nick Chemical Co., LTD. (NCC). Ntlo-kholo ea eona e Motseng oa Kawasaki, Seterekeng sa Kanagawa, Japane.
CCIC e thehiloe ka la 21 Phupu 1958, 'me ntlo-kholo ea eona e Motseng oa Kawasaki, Seterekeng sa Kanagawa, Japane. E sebetsana haholo le tlhahiso ea li-catalyst, ka li-catalyst tsa ho hloekisa peterole e le setsi, lihlahisoa li kenyelletsa li-catalyst tsa FCC, li-catalyst tsa hydrotreating, li-catalyst tsa denitrification (DeNox) le lihlahisoa tse ntle tsa lik'hemik'hale (lisebelisoa tse tala tsa litlolo, thepa ea optical, thepa ea kristale ea metsi le mefuta e fapaneng ea lipontšo, thepa ea semiconductor, jj.). NCC e thehiloe ka la 18 Phato 1952, 'me ntlo-kholo ea eona e Motseng oa Niigata, Seterekeng sa Niigata, Japane. Nts'etsopele e kholo, tlhahiso le thekiso ea li-catalyst tsa lik'hemik'hale, lihlahisoa li kenyelletsa haholo-holo catalyst ea hydrogenation, catalyst ea dehydrogenation, catalyst e tiileng ea alkali, li-adsorbents tsa tlhoekiso ea khase, jj. Lisebelisoa tsa cathode le li-catalyst tsa tlhoekiso ea tikoloho bakeng sa libeteri tse ka nchafatsoang hape.
Ho ya ka dihlahiswa, khamphani e arotsoe ka dikarolo tse tharo: catalyst, dikhemikhale tse ntle le tikoloho/eneji e ntjha. Khamphani e hlahisa le ho rekisa di-catalyst ho kenyeletswa le di-catalyst bakeng sa ho hlwekisa oli, di-catalyst bakeng sa ho sebetsana le peterole le di-catalyst bakeng sa tshireletso ya tikoloho.
Li-catalyst tsa fektheri ea ho hloekisa ke li-catalyst tsa FCC haholo-holo le li-catalyst tsa ts'ebetso ea hydrogenation, tsa morao-rao li kenyelletsa li-catalyst tsa hydrofining, hydrotreating le hydrocracking; Li-catalyst tsa lik'hemik'hale li kenyelletsa catalyst ea petrochemical, catalyst ea hydrogenation, catalyst ea phetoho ea syngas, catalyst carrier le zeolite; Li-catalyst bakeng sa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho li kenyelletsa: lihlahisoa tse amanang le tikoloho, li-catalyst tsa flue gas denitrification, li-catalyst tsa oxidation le thepa ea kalafo ea mosi oa koloi, thepa ea ho tlosa monko/antibacterial, li-catalyst tsa VOC adsorption/decomposition, jj.
Khamphani e hlahisang motlakase o fokolang motlakase e na le karolo ea 80% ea 'maraka Europe le karolo ea 70% ea 'maraka United States,' me e ikarabella bakeng sa ho feta 60% ea lik'hamphani tse hlahisang motlakase tse fokolang motlakase lefatšeng.
8. SINOPEC Catalyst Co., LTD
Sinopec Catalyst Co., LTD., e leng lekala le feletseng la Sinopec Corporation, ke 'mele o ka sehloohong o ikarabellang bakeng sa tlhahiso, thekiso le tsamaiso ea khoebo ea catalyst ea Sinopec, o ikarabellang bakeng sa matsete le ts'ebetso ea khoebo ea catalyst ea Sinopec, 'me o tsamaisa tsamaiso ea litsebi ea likhoebo tsa tlhahiso ea catalyst tsa k'hamphani.
Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd. ke e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, bafepedi le bafani ba litšebeletso tsa ho hloekisa le lik'hemik'hale. Ka ho itšetleha ka Setsi se matla sa lipatlisiso tsa lipatlisiso tsa lehae sa Saense ea Petrochemical le Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute, k'hamphani e ntse e tsoela pele ho atolosa 'maraka oa li-catalyst tsa lehae le tsa lefats'e. Lihlahisoa tsa Catalyst li akaretsa li-catalyst tsa ho hloekisa oli, li-catalyst tsa polyolefin, li-catalyst tsa motheo tsa lintho tse tala tsa tlhaho, li-catalyst tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa mashala, li-catalyst tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho, li-catalyst tse ling le lihlopha tse ling tse 6. Ha li ntse li fihlela tlhoko ea 'maraka oa lehae, lihlahisoa li boetse li romeloa Europe, Amerika, Asia, Afrika le limmarakeng tse ling tsa machabeng.
Setsi sa tlhahiso se ajoa haholo-holo liprofinseng le metseng e tšeletseng, ho kenyeletsoa Beijing, Shanghai, Hunan, Shandong, Liaoning le Jiangsu, 'me lihlahisoa li akaretsa masimo a mararo a catalyst: ho hloekisa oli, indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea motheo ea tlhaho. E na le li-unit tse 8 tse ruiloeng ka botlalo, li-unit tse 2 tse tšoereng, yuniti e le 'ngoe ea tsamaiso e fuoeng boikarabelo, litsi tse 4 tsa thekiso le litšebeletso tsa malapeng, le liofisi tse 4 tsa baemeli ba kantle ho naha.
Nako ea poso: Phato-17-2023
